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Tuesday, 06 September 11
INDONESIAS PROPOSED COAL EXPORT BAN MAY HAVE IMPACT ON THE INDIAN POWER SECTOR - DIPESH DIPU
.jpg) COALspot.com - This is a special interview about Indonesian proposed coal export ban by 2014, with Mr. Dipesh Dipu, Director of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, India.
The Indonesian government is currently in the process of drafting a new regulation that could ban the export of low-grade coal by January 12, 2014. This is likely to apply to coal below 5700 kcal/kg on air dried basis in value.
As of now Indonesia is producing around 150 million tons of coal with calorific value below 5700 GAD (according to chairman of Indonesian coal mining association). However by 2014, there are possibilities the total production of below 5700 GAD coal may reach more than 200 million per annum.
Will Indonesian coal export ban impact on the Indian fuel requirements?
The earlier grade of coal that was being considered for proposed ban has GCV of 5100 kcal/kg of less (adb), which can be comparable to 3800-4200 kcal/kg (arb) domestic coal available in India. This grade of coal has found favor in India primarily due to likely price advantage but economics of power generation based on such grade of imported coal may be a suspect. This considering that such grades of coal from Indonesia typically have high moisture content, which makes transportation cost per unit of energy generated higher. The quantum of the low grade of coal (<5100 kcal/kg adb) procured from Indonesia is likely to remain relatively low.
However, if the new definition of low grade coal is applied (<5700 kcal/kg adb), it may be reasonable to believe that such a ban may have impact on the Indian power sector as volumes in this grade of coal are expected to rise in the proportion of coal exports to India. Several of the acquisitions made by Indian power generation companies in Indonesia have been in coal blocks that will produce coal of this grade, and a blanket ban on the exports can jeopardize power plant development in India.
On the other hand, the domestic Indonesian market may not be prepared to consume all the coal mined of this grade in view of the power generation capacity addition plans in Indonesia. In such a case, the coal mine development is likely to be deferred. The Indonesian law makers may need to reconsider domestic market demand, investment climate in coal sector and impact of the legislation on the export revenues.
What is the alternative source for Indian power industry if the proposed coal export ban come into effect by 2014?
Indian power generation companies have been forced to look out for coal assets abroad due to the investment and regulatory environment within the country. India boasts of more than 110 billion tonnes of coal reserves, which largely fall within a 300 meters of depth. If the regulatory and investment environment is amended to allow greater participation of private sector Indian dependence on imports will be reduced.
However, for imports, India will continue to look at Indonesia, South Africa, Australia and newer destinations like Mozambique and Columbia. But these sources also have constraints, domestic demands in South Africa is likely to restrict quantum jump in exports out of South Africa. Indonesia has also proposed domestic market obligations. Mozambique may have infrastructure constraints for large volumes of coal being transported from Tete province to ports of Maputo, Ncala or Beira. Australian coal is of high quality but may have higher costs of mining and transport.
What would be the additional cost if Indian consumers switch their sourcing origin from Indonesia?
Indonesia has competitive advantage due to its geographical closeness. However, on a per tonne basis, assuming comparable quality, costs of transport may make marginal difference when compared with South Africa and Mozambique.
When compared to Australian coal, due to the high quality, cost of energy may well be comparable even though shipping costs are higher. Between Indonesian coal (5500 kcal/kg adb priced at USD 90 per tonne) and Australian coal (6500 kcal/kg adb priced at USD 120 per tonne), indicative variable cost difference of power generation may be about Indian Rupees 0.20 to 0.30 per kWh (electricity unit) in favor of Indonesian coal.
Will it affect Indian economy growth or this coal export ban is ignorable as India can easily identify alternative sources of fuel?
The magnitude of growth in power generation in India will necessarily mean that coal will remain the mainstay. Natural gas has had issues of availability. Nuclear plant development is facing socio-political challenge in view of the risks of technology failure. Development of hydel power has also faced issues of land acquisition, rehabilitation & resettlement apart from the technical issues of hydro-geological features. Renewable sources such as solar and wind generation are still projected to constitute a small portion of India power generation mix. Identifying an alternative source that can match coal in its accessibility, availability and affordability in the context of scale of capacity addition required in India is a challenge.
What is the Indian government's role on this issue, whether government has to come out with the solution such as easing Indian mining and environment law, open up mining for foreigners, G2G arrangement, etc…?
There is a need to look at domestic sources with pro-active and constructive approach and make all necessary legal and statutory amendments that make the resources available and mineable. Easing the regulations may not be one of such measures but making those regulations work in sync with each other in a time bound and predictable manner must certainly be.
There is certainly a case for opening the domestic coal sector for private participation, including independent miners, and for foreign participation so that newer technology and enhanced scale of operations are implemented in India. The regulation also needs to permit risk capital to come in for prospecting and exploration.
For imports the G2G relations can be leveraged to secure coal assets. India has good relationship with Indonesia and has also signed a tax treaty with Mozambique in 2010 which will facilitate investments. Government may also engage with these countries to ease exports to India and extend fiscal support to coal mining companies investing in mining and associated infrastructure development.
About Dipesh Dipu
Dipesh Dipu works as Director with Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu India Pvt. Ltd in the Energy and Resources consulting practice of the firm and anchors the Firm’s initiative in the mining and metals sectors.
He is a mining engineering graduate from Indian School of Mines and is a Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA). He has also done executive program in business management from Indian Institute of Management Calcutta. Dipesh has recently been awarded the Abheraj Baldota Gold Medal for the Young Mining Engineer of the Year 2007 by the Mining Engineers’ Association of India in recognition of his contributions in the improvement of mining industry in India.
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Friday, 27 November 15
INDONESIA COAL SWAPS: WEEK ENDING 20 NOVEMBER CLOSED HIGHER COMPARED TO THE PREVIOUS WEEK
COALspot.com: Indonesian coal swaps for delivery Q1 2016 declined month on month and up on week over week. Coal prices seen slight improvements thi ...
Friday, 27 November 15
FOB RICHARDS BAY COAL SWAPS UP FROM LAST WEEK
COALspot.com: API4 FOB Richards Bay Coal swap for delivery Q1’ 2016 up week over week and month over month.
The Q1’ 2016 swa ...
Thursday, 26 November 15
ITALY'S STEAM COAL IMPORTS EXPECTED TO REACH 16 MILLION TONS AND COKING COAL IMPORTS TO AMOUNT TO 4 MILLION TONS - ASSOCARBONI
ASSOCARBONI LOOKS AT COAL FROM A DIFFERENT ANGLE
- “Coal has made huge steps towards environmental sustainability, making itself t ...
Thursday, 26 November 15
DRY BULK MARKET WILL REBOUND EVENTUALLY, BUT THINGS WILL BECOME EVEN WORSE BEFORE THEY IMPROVE SAYS SHIPBROKER - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING NEWS
As the dry bulk market’s benchmark, the Baltic Dry Index (BDI) reached an all-time late last week and has failed to rebound significantly eve ...
Thursday, 26 November 15
Q3'16 FOB NEWCASTLE COAL SWAP FALLS 27.5% SINCE 20 FEB 2015
COALspot.com: API 5 FOB Newcastle Coal swap for Q1’ 2016 delivery slid $5 per ton (12.05%) month over month to US$ 36.50 per ton. The s ...
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- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
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- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
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- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
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- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
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- Economic Council, Georgia
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- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
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- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
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- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
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- Siam City Cement - Thailand
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- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
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- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
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- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
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- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
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- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
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- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
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- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
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- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
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- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
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- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Deloitte Consulting - India
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- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
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- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
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- Australian Coal Association
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- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
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- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
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- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
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- Indian Energy Exchange, India
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- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
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- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
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- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
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- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
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- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
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- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
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