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Tuesday, 06 September 11
INDONESIAS PROPOSED COAL EXPORT BAN MAY HAVE IMPACT ON THE INDIAN POWER SECTOR - DIPESH DIPU
.jpg) COALspot.com - This is a special interview about Indonesian proposed coal export ban by 2014, with Mr. Dipesh Dipu, Director of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, India.
The Indonesian government is currently in the process of drafting a new regulation that could ban the export of low-grade coal by January 12, 2014. This is likely to apply to coal below 5700 kcal/kg on air dried basis in value.
As of now Indonesia is producing around 150 million tons of coal with calorific value below 5700 GAD (according to chairman of Indonesian coal mining association). However by 2014, there are possibilities the total production of below 5700 GAD coal may reach more than 200 million per annum.
Will Indonesian coal export ban impact on the Indian fuel requirements?
The earlier grade of coal that was being considered for proposed ban has GCV of 5100 kcal/kg of less (adb), which can be comparable to 3800-4200 kcal/kg (arb) domestic coal available in India. This grade of coal has found favor in India primarily due to likely price advantage but economics of power generation based on such grade of imported coal may be a suspect. This considering that such grades of coal from Indonesia typically have high moisture content, which makes transportation cost per unit of energy generated higher. The quantum of the low grade of coal (<5100 kcal/kg adb) procured from Indonesia is likely to remain relatively low.
However, if the new definition of low grade coal is applied (<5700 kcal/kg adb), it may be reasonable to believe that such a ban may have impact on the Indian power sector as volumes in this grade of coal are expected to rise in the proportion of coal exports to India. Several of the acquisitions made by Indian power generation companies in Indonesia have been in coal blocks that will produce coal of this grade, and a blanket ban on the exports can jeopardize power plant development in India.
On the other hand, the domestic Indonesian market may not be prepared to consume all the coal mined of this grade in view of the power generation capacity addition plans in Indonesia. In such a case, the coal mine development is likely to be deferred. The Indonesian law makers may need to reconsider domestic market demand, investment climate in coal sector and impact of the legislation on the export revenues.
What is the alternative source for Indian power industry if the proposed coal export ban come into effect by 2014?
Indian power generation companies have been forced to look out for coal assets abroad due to the investment and regulatory environment within the country. India boasts of more than 110 billion tonnes of coal reserves, which largely fall within a 300 meters of depth. If the regulatory and investment environment is amended to allow greater participation of private sector Indian dependence on imports will be reduced.
However, for imports, India will continue to look at Indonesia, South Africa, Australia and newer destinations like Mozambique and Columbia. But these sources also have constraints, domestic demands in South Africa is likely to restrict quantum jump in exports out of South Africa. Indonesia has also proposed domestic market obligations. Mozambique may have infrastructure constraints for large volumes of coal being transported from Tete province to ports of Maputo, Ncala or Beira. Australian coal is of high quality but may have higher costs of mining and transport.
What would be the additional cost if Indian consumers switch their sourcing origin from Indonesia?
Indonesia has competitive advantage due to its geographical closeness. However, on a per tonne basis, assuming comparable quality, costs of transport may make marginal difference when compared with South Africa and Mozambique.
When compared to Australian coal, due to the high quality, cost of energy may well be comparable even though shipping costs are higher. Between Indonesian coal (5500 kcal/kg adb priced at USD 90 per tonne) and Australian coal (6500 kcal/kg adb priced at USD 120 per tonne), indicative variable cost difference of power generation may be about Indian Rupees 0.20 to 0.30 per kWh (electricity unit) in favor of Indonesian coal.
Will it affect Indian economy growth or this coal export ban is ignorable as India can easily identify alternative sources of fuel?
The magnitude of growth in power generation in India will necessarily mean that coal will remain the mainstay. Natural gas has had issues of availability. Nuclear plant development is facing socio-political challenge in view of the risks of technology failure. Development of hydel power has also faced issues of land acquisition, rehabilitation & resettlement apart from the technical issues of hydro-geological features. Renewable sources such as solar and wind generation are still projected to constitute a small portion of India power generation mix. Identifying an alternative source that can match coal in its accessibility, availability and affordability in the context of scale of capacity addition required in India is a challenge.
What is the Indian government's role on this issue, whether government has to come out with the solution such as easing Indian mining and environment law, open up mining for foreigners, G2G arrangement, etc…?
There is a need to look at domestic sources with pro-active and constructive approach and make all necessary legal and statutory amendments that make the resources available and mineable. Easing the regulations may not be one of such measures but making those regulations work in sync with each other in a time bound and predictable manner must certainly be.
There is certainly a case for opening the domestic coal sector for private participation, including independent miners, and for foreign participation so that newer technology and enhanced scale of operations are implemented in India. The regulation also needs to permit risk capital to come in for prospecting and exploration.
For imports the G2G relations can be leveraged to secure coal assets. India has good relationship with Indonesia and has also signed a tax treaty with Mozambique in 2010 which will facilitate investments. Government may also engage with these countries to ease exports to India and extend fiscal support to coal mining companies investing in mining and associated infrastructure development.
About Dipesh Dipu
Dipesh Dipu works as Director with Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu India Pvt. Ltd in the Energy and Resources consulting practice of the firm and anchors the Firm’s initiative in the mining and metals sectors.
He is a mining engineering graduate from Indian School of Mines and is a Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA). He has also done executive program in business management from Indian Institute of Management Calcutta. Dipesh has recently been awarded the Abheraj Baldota Gold Medal for the Young Mining Engineer of the Year 2007 by the Mining Engineers’ Association of India in recognition of his contributions in the improvement of mining industry in India.
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Monday, 01 February 16
INDONESIA'S SECOND LARGEST COAL MINER ADARO ENERGY HAS PRODUCED 51.46 MT IN 2015; 8% LOWER COMPARED TO FY14
COALspot.com: Adaro Energy, the Indonesia’s second largest coal producer by volume has produced 51.46 Mt in 2015, 8% lower compared to ...
Sunday, 31 January 16
BDI CONTINUED ITS FALL AND CLOSE AT A FRESH RECORD LOW ON FRIDAY
COALspot.com: The Baltic Dry Index, which gauges the cost of shipping dry bulk including iron ore, cement, grain, coal and fertilizer, continued it ...
Friday, 29 January 16
INDONESIAN BENCHMARK COAL PRICE SETTLES DOWN $ 0.31, OR 0.58%, AT $ 53.20 A TON
COALspot.com: Low coal demand and excess supplies sent Indonesian benchmark coal price further down in January 2016. HBA has slumped by 0.58 ...
Friday, 29 January 16
U.S. COAL PRODUCTION OFF 2 PERCENT FROM LAST WEEK - EIA
COALspot.com – United States the world’s second largest coal producer has produced approximately totaled an estimated 13.1 milli ...
Thursday, 28 January 16
COAL REMAINS THE NO.1 FUEL FOR POWER GENERATION - EXXONMOBIL
COALspot.com: Energy demand trends from 2010 to 2040 are expected to vary significantly around the world, as countries move along very different tr ...
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- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Minerals Council of Australia
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- The University of Queensland
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- White Energy Company Limited
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Planning Commission, India
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- PTC India Limited - India
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- MS Steel International - UAE
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Australian Coal Association
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
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