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Monday, 05 September 11
INDONESIAN COAL BENCHMARK PRICE - ANALYSIS
 Analyst : Sunil K Kumbhat
COALspot.com - As a part of the Government’s efforts to stop transfer pricing abuses which have resulted in the loss of production royalties in recent years Govt of Indonesia issued Regulation No.17 of 2010 entitled "Procedures to Determine the Benchmark Price for Mineral and Coal Sales" .
Apart from setting out the procedures to determine the benchmark price for the sale of coal and minerals, Regulation imposes other obligations on mineral and coal producers (that is, the holders of Production Operation IUPs and IUPKs) when making sales.This move has been seen as important as the benchmark Coal price is expected to provide optimum price and help goverment in calculating potential State Revenue. The new regulations will allow the Indonesian government to get the right amount of royalty , and the taxable revenues from the sector will also move up to the correct levels. It will also stop the practice of transfer pricing. The government has put in a strong framework.
The following are some key points highlights the provisions of regulation and the likely impact it will have on mine owners, including on their sales activities, royalty calculations and administrative obligations:
Obligation to follow benchmark price
Regulation provides that mineral and coal producers are obliged to sell minerals and coal based on a regulated benchmark price, whether for domestic or export sales.
The benchmark pricing obligation applies to all minerals and coal sales to third parties, including to any affiliate of the mineral and coal producer (which includes any party that has direct ownership in the holder of a Production Operation IUP or a Production Operation IUPK as well as any party that may indirectly influence the decision-making of such holders).
Determination of benchmark price
Regulation provides that the benchmark price for minerals and coal will be determined by the Director General of Minerals and Coal (DGMC) . The benchmark price for non-metallic minerals and rocks will be determined by either the Governor or the Regent/Mayor, as appropriate.
Different methods will be used to determine the benchmark price for different commodities. For metallic minerals, the DGMC will determine the benchmark price for each metallic mineral monthly using a formula that refers to international market prices. For coal, the DGMC will determine separate benchmark prices for metallurgical coal, thermal coal and low rank coal monthly.No formal definition of low rank coal exists , however in the past ;MEMR has referred to low rank coal as any coal with gross calorific value( ADB Basis) of less than 5100 kca/kg. The benchmark price for metallurgical and thermal coal will use a formula that refers to the average coal prices based on local and international market indices.As a system government will determine Coal Price Reference (Harga Batubara Acuan or HPA) by averaging the calorie value of coal in four coal price indexes, namely :
1.Newcastle Coal Index,
2.Global Coal Index,
3.Platts and
4.Indonesia Coal Index (ICI).
The first two indexes represented international price, while the last two indexes represent local coal prices. Each coal category has a weight of 25 percent. The coal category will divided based on coal quality, which is set at 6,322 kcal/kg (arb), moisture content at 8 percent (arb), sulfur content of 0.8 percent (arb), and ash content at 15 percent (arb).
After determining the Coal Price Reference (HBA), the benchmark coal price (HPB) is then determined. There will be 8 benchmark prices category, representing the quality of the coal, starting from 4,200 up to 7,000 kcal/kg.
For that price of coal other than 8 classes of HPB, prices are determined by interpolation approaches or determining HPB based on a certain formula.
Sales of minerals and coal
The benchmark price is set on the basis of the price paid for Coal at the point of Sale by way of FOB Vessel. Sales of metals, ore, concentrate or other intermediary products can be made :
1.Free on Board (FOB) mother vessel or
2.FOB barge basis.
3.Sales can also be made to end users domestically or in the form of Cost Insurance Freight (CIF) or
4.Cost and Freight (C&F).
In calculating the sales price for FOB mother vessel sales for royalty payment purposes, holders of Production Operation IUPs for metallic minerals must refer to the benchmark price. For sales that are not made FOB mother vessel basis (including FOB barge sales), the benchmark price may be adjusted by adding or subtracting an amount based on certain recognised costs approved by the DGMC.
While the principle of deducting certain costs from the benchmark price for the purpose of royalty calculations would appear to be reasonable, Regulation leaves open the possibility that there may be costs that could adjust the benchmark price by being added to, rather than being subtracted from, the benchmark price. The circumstances under which costs would be added to the benchmark price are not yet regulated.
Adjustments can include costs incurred for barging, survey, trans-shipment, treatment as well as refinery and/or metal payable and/or insurance costs. For coal, sales are contemplated in the form of FOB mother vessel, FOB barge, within an island to an end user or on a CIF or CF basis. In calculating the sales price, holders of Production Operation IUPs for coal to be sold FOB mother vessel must refer to the benchmark price. Again, for non-FOB mother vessel sales (including FOB barge sales), certain costs may be added or subtracted as approved by the DGMC.
Under the new sales price regime for coal, the production royalty for FOB mother vessel sales will effectively also be imposed on barge transportation and trans-shipment costs (as well as survey and insurance costs), which are not able to be subtracted from the selling price.
Accordingly, all royalties for FOB mother vessel sales are now assessed on the full delivered cost FOB mother vessel without adjustment for costs. Regulation provides that further details on the procedures to determine the amount of “adjustment costs” will be set out by the DGMC in a separate DGMC regulation.
Benchmark Price for calculation of royalties
For royalty calculations, regulation provides that for minerals and coal sales made FOB mother vessel basis, the Government will take the higher of the contractually-agreed price or the benchmark price. On the other hand, for non-FOB mother vessel sales such as mineral or coal sales by way of FOB barge, the production royalties will be calculated using:
• (a) the contracted sales price, if the contracted sales price is higher than the benchmark price, after adding or subtracting the adjustment amount (adjusted benchmark price); or
• (b) the adjusted benchmark price, if the sales price is the same as or lower than the adjusted benchmark price.
Post sales Reporting
Coal producers are required to submit post-sales reports on the sales of their mineral and coal commodities every month, together with supporting information including invoices and bills of lading,quality reports and barging Costs as well as export declarations and surveyor reports for exported commodities. This new reporting obligations will add significant administrative burdens to mining companies.
Sale of coal for certain purposes
Coal of certain types (including fine coal, reject coal and coal with certain impurities) for domestic use may be sold below the coal benchmark price, upon approval of the Govt (DGMC) which will issue separate regulations regarding what types of coal will fall within this exception.
Similarly, coal to be used for certain purposes in the domestic market may be sold below the coal benchmark price, upon approval of the Govt.
The Govt will issue further regulations on the purposes that will be exempted. Regulation indicates that coal used for individual needs or for the development of underdeveloped or poorly developed regions will be exempted from the benchmark pricing requirements.
Impact on existing coal and/or mineral sales contracts
All existing supply contracts ( Both Spot and term Contracts) with Indonesian mining firms will have to be brought in line with this new benchmark regulations by 22nd September 2011. Spot sale contracts must be adjusted by no later than six months after the effective date of Regulation No. 17 (that is, by 22 March 2011).
Term sales contracts must be adjusted by no later than 12 months after the effective date of Regulation No. 17 (that is, by 22 September 2011).
Sanctions
Regulation provides that the Government can impose a range of administrative penalties on mineral and coal producers who fail to comply with the provisions of Regulation.
Penalties range from written warnings, temporary suspension of sales, and ultimately, cancellation of the licences’. Due to the severity of such sanctions, mining companies will need to pay particular notice to the requirement of this new regulation.
Indian Impact
For India, the situation will be aggravated by stagnation in domestic production even as demand has increased. With up to 100,000 MW of capacity addition likely in the 12 th plan period starting next year, more coal-based projects may need to scout overseas for fuel.
Three to five years back, domestic coal production was able to keep pace with the demand from power producers. However in 2010, domestic production has remained at a flat level, while there has been a sudden increase in demand from Indian power companies.
With a substantial part of its imported coal requirement already coming from Indonesia, India’s appetite is expected to grow further. India's coal imports from Indonesia are rising every year. In 2010, it overtook Japan to become the second largest importer of Indonesian coal after China. It is expected that India may become the biggest importer of Indonesian coal in 2012.
The regulation is likely to increase the price of coal mainly for all Indian Power Projects using imported coal from Indonesia. The impact on the tariff of such projects may vary, depending upon the quality of imported coal and fuel mix. All existing supply agreements with Indonesian mining firms will have to be brought in line with this new benchmark by 22nd September 2011. The implementation of this new regulation will adversely impact all existing and future Coal based power plants importing Coal from Indonesia.The new regulations will allow the Indonesian government to get the right amount of royalty , and the taxable revenues from the sector will also move up to the correct levels. It will also stop the practice of transfer pricing. The government has put in a strong framework.
Given the long-term demand fundamentals, current high coal price scenario may continue to squeeze margins (of Indian power producers). This may well be the end of the road for cheap Indonesian coal.
Conclusion
Whilst the intention behind the minimum pricing regulation is to stop transfer pricing abuses which according to Govt, have plagued the Indonesian mining industry( particularly the Coal mining Industry) over recent years, the question is whether this intention has been implemented in a way which is inconsistent with genuine , arms -length commercial practices which exist in the market. (updated on 5 Sept 2011)
Analyst By : Sunil K Kumbhat
The views and opinions / conclusion expressed on this analysis is purely the writers’ own
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Tuesday, 30 October 12
NEW BUILDING ORDERING ACTIVITY KEEPS ON RETREATING - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING NEWS
Ship owners have refrained from placing any new orders of vessels during the course of the past few days, according to shipbroker reports. According ...
Monday, 29 October 12
US COAL EXPORTS ARE EXPECTED TO REACH 125 MILLION TONS THIS YEAR - EIA
COALspot.com - US coal exports are expected to reach 125 million tons this year, surpassing the old record of about 113 million tons set in 1981, sa ...
Sunday, 28 October 12
SUB-BIT INDONESIA COAL SWAPS (FOB ) FOR DECEMBER 2012 DELIVERY STAYED FLAT D-D
COALspot.com - Sub-Bit Indonesia coal swaps (FOB ) for December 2012 delivery flat on D-D but gained 0.38 percent on W-W on Friday, 26 October 2012, ...
Sunday, 28 October 12
INDONESIA TO INDIA SUPRAMAX FREIGHT MARKET FAIRLY STEADY - VISTAAR
COALspot.com - The Cape size sector continued to remain active with iron ore movement being steady. All other sectors were down.
The BDI was up b ...
Friday, 26 October 12
SHIPPING MARKETS HEADING FOR DIVISION AND MULTI-TIER WILL BECOME THE NORM - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING NEWS
It seems that something is expected to be fundamentally different in the way that the shipping markets will be operating in the future, according to ...
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Showing 4526 to 4530 news of total 6871 |
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- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Australian Coal Association
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Minerals Council of Australia
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- The University of Queensland
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Planning Commission, India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- White Energy Company Limited
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- MS Steel International - UAE
- PTC India Limited - India
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
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