We welcome article submissions from experts in the areas of coal, mining,
shipping, etc.
To Submit your article please click here.
|
|
|
Monday, 05 September 11
INDONESIAN COAL BENCHMARK PRICE - ANALYSIS
 Analyst : Sunil K Kumbhat
COALspot.com - As a part of the Government’s efforts to stop transfer pricing abuses which have resulted in the loss of production royalties in recent years Govt of Indonesia issued Regulation No.17 of 2010 entitled "Procedures to Determine the Benchmark Price for Mineral and Coal Sales" .
Apart from setting out the procedures to determine the benchmark price for the sale of coal and minerals, Regulation imposes other obligations on mineral and coal producers (that is, the holders of Production Operation IUPs and IUPKs) when making sales.This move has been seen as important as the benchmark Coal price is expected to provide optimum price and help goverment in calculating potential State Revenue. The new regulations will allow the Indonesian government to get the right amount of royalty , and the taxable revenues from the sector will also move up to the correct levels. It will also stop the practice of transfer pricing. The government has put in a strong framework.
The following are some key points highlights the provisions of regulation and the likely impact it will have on mine owners, including on their sales activities, royalty calculations and administrative obligations:
Obligation to follow benchmark price
Regulation provides that mineral and coal producers are obliged to sell minerals and coal based on a regulated benchmark price, whether for domestic or export sales.
The benchmark pricing obligation applies to all minerals and coal sales to third parties, including to any affiliate of the mineral and coal producer (which includes any party that has direct ownership in the holder of a Production Operation IUP or a Production Operation IUPK as well as any party that may indirectly influence the decision-making of such holders).
Determination of benchmark price
Regulation provides that the benchmark price for minerals and coal will be determined by the Director General of Minerals and Coal (DGMC) . The benchmark price for non-metallic minerals and rocks will be determined by either the Governor or the Regent/Mayor, as appropriate.
Different methods will be used to determine the benchmark price for different commodities. For metallic minerals, the DGMC will determine the benchmark price for each metallic mineral monthly using a formula that refers to international market prices. For coal, the DGMC will determine separate benchmark prices for metallurgical coal, thermal coal and low rank coal monthly.No formal definition of low rank coal exists , however in the past ;MEMR has referred to low rank coal as any coal with gross calorific value( ADB Basis) of less than 5100 kca/kg. The benchmark price for metallurgical and thermal coal will use a formula that refers to the average coal prices based on local and international market indices.As a system government will determine Coal Price Reference (Harga Batubara Acuan or HPA) by averaging the calorie value of coal in four coal price indexes, namely :
1.Newcastle Coal Index,
2.Global Coal Index,
3.Platts and
4.Indonesia Coal Index (ICI).
The first two indexes represented international price, while the last two indexes represent local coal prices. Each coal category has a weight of 25 percent. The coal category will divided based on coal quality, which is set at 6,322 kcal/kg (arb), moisture content at 8 percent (arb), sulfur content of 0.8 percent (arb), and ash content at 15 percent (arb).
After determining the Coal Price Reference (HBA), the benchmark coal price (HPB) is then determined. There will be 8 benchmark prices category, representing the quality of the coal, starting from 4,200 up to 7,000 kcal/kg.
For that price of coal other than 8 classes of HPB, prices are determined by interpolation approaches or determining HPB based on a certain formula.
Sales of minerals and coal
The benchmark price is set on the basis of the price paid for Coal at the point of Sale by way of FOB Vessel. Sales of metals, ore, concentrate or other intermediary products can be made :
1.Free on Board (FOB) mother vessel or
2.FOB barge basis.
3.Sales can also be made to end users domestically or in the form of Cost Insurance Freight (CIF) or
4.Cost and Freight (C&F).
In calculating the sales price for FOB mother vessel sales for royalty payment purposes, holders of Production Operation IUPs for metallic minerals must refer to the benchmark price. For sales that are not made FOB mother vessel basis (including FOB barge sales), the benchmark price may be adjusted by adding or subtracting an amount based on certain recognised costs approved by the DGMC.
While the principle of deducting certain costs from the benchmark price for the purpose of royalty calculations would appear to be reasonable, Regulation leaves open the possibility that there may be costs that could adjust the benchmark price by being added to, rather than being subtracted from, the benchmark price. The circumstances under which costs would be added to the benchmark price are not yet regulated.
Adjustments can include costs incurred for barging, survey, trans-shipment, treatment as well as refinery and/or metal payable and/or insurance costs. For coal, sales are contemplated in the form of FOB mother vessel, FOB barge, within an island to an end user or on a CIF or CF basis. In calculating the sales price, holders of Production Operation IUPs for coal to be sold FOB mother vessel must refer to the benchmark price. Again, for non-FOB mother vessel sales (including FOB barge sales), certain costs may be added or subtracted as approved by the DGMC.
Under the new sales price regime for coal, the production royalty for FOB mother vessel sales will effectively also be imposed on barge transportation and trans-shipment costs (as well as survey and insurance costs), which are not able to be subtracted from the selling price.
Accordingly, all royalties for FOB mother vessel sales are now assessed on the full delivered cost FOB mother vessel without adjustment for costs. Regulation provides that further details on the procedures to determine the amount of “adjustment costs” will be set out by the DGMC in a separate DGMC regulation.
Benchmark Price for calculation of royalties
For royalty calculations, regulation provides that for minerals and coal sales made FOB mother vessel basis, the Government will take the higher of the contractually-agreed price or the benchmark price. On the other hand, for non-FOB mother vessel sales such as mineral or coal sales by way of FOB barge, the production royalties will be calculated using:
• (a) the contracted sales price, if the contracted sales price is higher than the benchmark price, after adding or subtracting the adjustment amount (adjusted benchmark price); or
• (b) the adjusted benchmark price, if the sales price is the same as or lower than the adjusted benchmark price.
Post sales Reporting
Coal producers are required to submit post-sales reports on the sales of their mineral and coal commodities every month, together with supporting information including invoices and bills of lading,quality reports and barging Costs as well as export declarations and surveyor reports for exported commodities. This new reporting obligations will add significant administrative burdens to mining companies.
Sale of coal for certain purposes
Coal of certain types (including fine coal, reject coal and coal with certain impurities) for domestic use may be sold below the coal benchmark price, upon approval of the Govt (DGMC) which will issue separate regulations regarding what types of coal will fall within this exception.
Similarly, coal to be used for certain purposes in the domestic market may be sold below the coal benchmark price, upon approval of the Govt.
The Govt will issue further regulations on the purposes that will be exempted. Regulation indicates that coal used for individual needs or for the development of underdeveloped or poorly developed regions will be exempted from the benchmark pricing requirements.
Impact on existing coal and/or mineral sales contracts
All existing supply contracts ( Both Spot and term Contracts) with Indonesian mining firms will have to be brought in line with this new benchmark regulations by 22nd September 2011. Spot sale contracts must be adjusted by no later than six months after the effective date of Regulation No. 17 (that is, by 22 March 2011).
Term sales contracts must be adjusted by no later than 12 months after the effective date of Regulation No. 17 (that is, by 22 September 2011).
Sanctions
Regulation provides that the Government can impose a range of administrative penalties on mineral and coal producers who fail to comply with the provisions of Regulation.
Penalties range from written warnings, temporary suspension of sales, and ultimately, cancellation of the licences’. Due to the severity of such sanctions, mining companies will need to pay particular notice to the requirement of this new regulation.
Indian Impact
For India, the situation will be aggravated by stagnation in domestic production even as demand has increased. With up to 100,000 MW of capacity addition likely in the 12 th plan period starting next year, more coal-based projects may need to scout overseas for fuel.
Three to five years back, domestic coal production was able to keep pace with the demand from power producers. However in 2010, domestic production has remained at a flat level, while there has been a sudden increase in demand from Indian power companies.
With a substantial part of its imported coal requirement already coming from Indonesia, India’s appetite is expected to grow further. India's coal imports from Indonesia are rising every year. In 2010, it overtook Japan to become the second largest importer of Indonesian coal after China. It is expected that India may become the biggest importer of Indonesian coal in 2012.
The regulation is likely to increase the price of coal mainly for all Indian Power Projects using imported coal from Indonesia. The impact on the tariff of such projects may vary, depending upon the quality of imported coal and fuel mix. All existing supply agreements with Indonesian mining firms will have to be brought in line with this new benchmark by 22nd September 2011. The implementation of this new regulation will adversely impact all existing and future Coal based power plants importing Coal from Indonesia.The new regulations will allow the Indonesian government to get the right amount of royalty , and the taxable revenues from the sector will also move up to the correct levels. It will also stop the practice of transfer pricing. The government has put in a strong framework.
Given the long-term demand fundamentals, current high coal price scenario may continue to squeeze margins (of Indian power producers). This may well be the end of the road for cheap Indonesian coal.
Conclusion
Whilst the intention behind the minimum pricing regulation is to stop transfer pricing abuses which according to Govt, have plagued the Indonesian mining industry( particularly the Coal mining Industry) over recent years, the question is whether this intention has been implemented in a way which is inconsistent with genuine , arms -length commercial practices which exist in the market. (updated on 5 Sept 2011)
Analyst By : Sunil K Kumbhat
The views and opinions / conclusion expressed on this analysis is purely the writers’ own
If you believe an article violates your rights or the rights of others, please contact us.
|
|
Thursday, 08 April 10
NAPOCOR GETS ONE OFFER AT COAL TENDER - ABS CBN
ABS- CBN News reported that, Philippine power producer National Power Corp. (Napocor) is likely to buy 50,000 tons of steam coal from PT Berau Coal ...
Wednesday, 07 April 10
DRY BULK MARKET LOOKING FOR DIRECTION
The dry bulk market has kept a low profile during the past week, as evidenced by the small changes of a usually rather turbulent Baltic Dry Index (B ...
Tuesday, 06 April 10
NEWCASTLE COAL EXPORTS RISE 24%, SHIP QUEUE SHORTENS - BLOOMBERG
Bloomberg reported that, Coal shipments from Australia’s Newcastle port, the world’s biggest export harbor for the fuel used in power st ...
Tuesday, 06 April 10
UAE STEEL TRADERS FEAR LOSSES ON GLOBAL HIKE
A sudden spurt in the price of iron ore in the international market has caught local steel traders and manufacturers and a host of other steel-depen ...
Tuesday, 06 April 10
ASIAN INVESTORS EYE NIGERIA MARITIME INDUSTRY
Investors from the Asian region are considering investing in the Nigerian maritime sector, which has huge opportunities and potential. One of such p ...
|
|
|
Showing 5896 to 5900 news of total 6871 |
|
 |
|
|
|
|
| |
|
 |
|
|
| |
|
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- PTC India Limited - India
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- White Energy Company Limited
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Australian Coal Association
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Planning Commission, India
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- The University of Queensland
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
|
| |
| |
|
