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Monday, 05 September 11
INDONESIAN COAL BENCHMARK PRICE - ANALYSIS
 Analyst : Sunil K Kumbhat
COALspot.com - As a part of the Government’s efforts to stop transfer pricing abuses which have resulted in the loss of production royalties in recent years Govt of Indonesia issued Regulation No.17 of 2010 entitled "Procedures to Determine the Benchmark Price for Mineral and Coal Sales" .
Apart from setting out the procedures to determine the benchmark price for the sale of coal and minerals, Regulation imposes other obligations on mineral and coal producers (that is, the holders of Production Operation IUPs and IUPKs) when making sales.This move has been seen as important as the benchmark Coal price is expected to provide optimum price and help goverment in calculating potential State Revenue. The new regulations will allow the Indonesian government to get the right amount of royalty , and the taxable revenues from the sector will also move up to the correct levels. It will also stop the practice of transfer pricing. The government has put in a strong framework.
The following are some key points highlights the provisions of regulation and the likely impact it will have on mine owners, including on their sales activities, royalty calculations and administrative obligations:
Obligation to follow benchmark price
Regulation provides that mineral and coal producers are obliged to sell minerals and coal based on a regulated benchmark price, whether for domestic or export sales.
The benchmark pricing obligation applies to all minerals and coal sales to third parties, including to any affiliate of the mineral and coal producer (which includes any party that has direct ownership in the holder of a Production Operation IUP or a Production Operation IUPK as well as any party that may indirectly influence the decision-making of such holders).
Determination of benchmark price
Regulation provides that the benchmark price for minerals and coal will be determined by the Director General of Minerals and Coal (DGMC) . The benchmark price for non-metallic minerals and rocks will be determined by either the Governor or the Regent/Mayor, as appropriate.
Different methods will be used to determine the benchmark price for different commodities. For metallic minerals, the DGMC will determine the benchmark price for each metallic mineral monthly using a formula that refers to international market prices. For coal, the DGMC will determine separate benchmark prices for metallurgical coal, thermal coal and low rank coal monthly.No formal definition of low rank coal exists , however in the past ;MEMR has referred to low rank coal as any coal with gross calorific value( ADB Basis) of less than 5100 kca/kg. The benchmark price for metallurgical and thermal coal will use a formula that refers to the average coal prices based on local and international market indices.As a system government will determine Coal Price Reference (Harga Batubara Acuan or HPA) by averaging the calorie value of coal in four coal price indexes, namely :
1.Newcastle Coal Index,
2.Global Coal Index,
3.Platts and
4.Indonesia Coal Index (ICI).
The first two indexes represented international price, while the last two indexes represent local coal prices. Each coal category has a weight of 25 percent. The coal category will divided based on coal quality, which is set at 6,322 kcal/kg (arb), moisture content at 8 percent (arb), sulfur content of 0.8 percent (arb), and ash content at 15 percent (arb).
After determining the Coal Price Reference (HBA), the benchmark coal price (HPB) is then determined. There will be 8 benchmark prices category, representing the quality of the coal, starting from 4,200 up to 7,000 kcal/kg.
For that price of coal other than 8 classes of HPB, prices are determined by interpolation approaches or determining HPB based on a certain formula.
Sales of minerals and coal
The benchmark price is set on the basis of the price paid for Coal at the point of Sale by way of FOB Vessel. Sales of metals, ore, concentrate or other intermediary products can be made :
1.Free on Board (FOB) mother vessel or
2.FOB barge basis.
3.Sales can also be made to end users domestically or in the form of Cost Insurance Freight (CIF) or
4.Cost and Freight (C&F).
In calculating the sales price for FOB mother vessel sales for royalty payment purposes, holders of Production Operation IUPs for metallic minerals must refer to the benchmark price. For sales that are not made FOB mother vessel basis (including FOB barge sales), the benchmark price may be adjusted by adding or subtracting an amount based on certain recognised costs approved by the DGMC.
While the principle of deducting certain costs from the benchmark price for the purpose of royalty calculations would appear to be reasonable, Regulation leaves open the possibility that there may be costs that could adjust the benchmark price by being added to, rather than being subtracted from, the benchmark price. The circumstances under which costs would be added to the benchmark price are not yet regulated.
Adjustments can include costs incurred for barging, survey, trans-shipment, treatment as well as refinery and/or metal payable and/or insurance costs. For coal, sales are contemplated in the form of FOB mother vessel, FOB barge, within an island to an end user or on a CIF or CF basis. In calculating the sales price, holders of Production Operation IUPs for coal to be sold FOB mother vessel must refer to the benchmark price. Again, for non-FOB mother vessel sales (including FOB barge sales), certain costs may be added or subtracted as approved by the DGMC.
Under the new sales price regime for coal, the production royalty for FOB mother vessel sales will effectively also be imposed on barge transportation and trans-shipment costs (as well as survey and insurance costs), which are not able to be subtracted from the selling price.
Accordingly, all royalties for FOB mother vessel sales are now assessed on the full delivered cost FOB mother vessel without adjustment for costs. Regulation provides that further details on the procedures to determine the amount of “adjustment costs” will be set out by the DGMC in a separate DGMC regulation.
Benchmark Price for calculation of royalties
For royalty calculations, regulation provides that for minerals and coal sales made FOB mother vessel basis, the Government will take the higher of the contractually-agreed price or the benchmark price. On the other hand, for non-FOB mother vessel sales such as mineral or coal sales by way of FOB barge, the production royalties will be calculated using:
• (a) the contracted sales price, if the contracted sales price is higher than the benchmark price, after adding or subtracting the adjustment amount (adjusted benchmark price); or
• (b) the adjusted benchmark price, if the sales price is the same as or lower than the adjusted benchmark price.
Post sales Reporting
Coal producers are required to submit post-sales reports on the sales of their mineral and coal commodities every month, together with supporting information including invoices and bills of lading,quality reports and barging Costs as well as export declarations and surveyor reports for exported commodities. This new reporting obligations will add significant administrative burdens to mining companies.
Sale of coal for certain purposes
Coal of certain types (including fine coal, reject coal and coal with certain impurities) for domestic use may be sold below the coal benchmark price, upon approval of the Govt (DGMC) which will issue separate regulations regarding what types of coal will fall within this exception.
Similarly, coal to be used for certain purposes in the domestic market may be sold below the coal benchmark price, upon approval of the Govt.
The Govt will issue further regulations on the purposes that will be exempted. Regulation indicates that coal used for individual needs or for the development of underdeveloped or poorly developed regions will be exempted from the benchmark pricing requirements.
Impact on existing coal and/or mineral sales contracts
All existing supply contracts ( Both Spot and term Contracts) with Indonesian mining firms will have to be brought in line with this new benchmark regulations by 22nd September 2011. Spot sale contracts must be adjusted by no later than six months after the effective date of Regulation No. 17 (that is, by 22 March 2011).
Term sales contracts must be adjusted by no later than 12 months after the effective date of Regulation No. 17 (that is, by 22 September 2011).
Sanctions
Regulation provides that the Government can impose a range of administrative penalties on mineral and coal producers who fail to comply with the provisions of Regulation.
Penalties range from written warnings, temporary suspension of sales, and ultimately, cancellation of the licences’. Due to the severity of such sanctions, mining companies will need to pay particular notice to the requirement of this new regulation.
Indian Impact
For India, the situation will be aggravated by stagnation in domestic production even as demand has increased. With up to 100,000 MW of capacity addition likely in the 12 th plan period starting next year, more coal-based projects may need to scout overseas for fuel.
Three to five years back, domestic coal production was able to keep pace with the demand from power producers. However in 2010, domestic production has remained at a flat level, while there has been a sudden increase in demand from Indian power companies.
With a substantial part of its imported coal requirement already coming from Indonesia, India’s appetite is expected to grow further. India's coal imports from Indonesia are rising every year. In 2010, it overtook Japan to become the second largest importer of Indonesian coal after China. It is expected that India may become the biggest importer of Indonesian coal in 2012.
The regulation is likely to increase the price of coal mainly for all Indian Power Projects using imported coal from Indonesia. The impact on the tariff of such projects may vary, depending upon the quality of imported coal and fuel mix. All existing supply agreements with Indonesian mining firms will have to be brought in line with this new benchmark by 22nd September 2011. The implementation of this new regulation will adversely impact all existing and future Coal based power plants importing Coal from Indonesia.The new regulations will allow the Indonesian government to get the right amount of royalty , and the taxable revenues from the sector will also move up to the correct levels. It will also stop the practice of transfer pricing. The government has put in a strong framework.
Given the long-term demand fundamentals, current high coal price scenario may continue to squeeze margins (of Indian power producers). This may well be the end of the road for cheap Indonesian coal.
Conclusion
Whilst the intention behind the minimum pricing regulation is to stop transfer pricing abuses which according to Govt, have plagued the Indonesian mining industry( particularly the Coal mining Industry) over recent years, the question is whether this intention has been implemented in a way which is inconsistent with genuine , arms -length commercial practices which exist in the market. (updated on 5 Sept 2011)
Analyst By : Sunil K Kumbhat
The views and opinions / conclusion expressed on this analysis is purely the writers’ own
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Friday, 29 October 10
CHINA'S COAL DEMAND DRIVES DRY BULK MARKET HIGHER - NIKOS ROUSSANOGLOU, HELLENIC SHIPPING
The dry bulk market is posting marginal, yet steady growth this week, with the Baltic Dry Index rising yesterday to 2784 points, up by 0.2%. Both th ...
Wednesday, 27 October 10
TNPL TO AWARD 240,000 MT COAL SUPPLY CONTRACT TO COAL & OIL
COALspot.com: Tamil Nadu Newsprint Papers Limited, Tamil Nadu state owned Newsprint and Printing & Writing Paper producer has opened a coal purc ...
Wednesday, 27 October 10
CHINA AIDS RUSSIA IN DEVELOPING COAL RESOURCES - PEOPLE'S DAILY
People's Daily reported that, Russia will use 6 billion U.S. dollars in loans provided by China to develop coal resources in Sakhalin Island, Elege ...
Wednesday, 27 October 10
MAIDEN COAL SHIPMENTS TO NOBLE RESOURCES - PAN ASIA AUSTRALIA
Press Release :
First Coal Shipments made from Nadvara Coal Project, East Kalimantan
51,616 tonnes delivered from October production &ndas ...
Tuesday, 26 October 10
INDONESIA SHIPPED 5.32 PERCENT LESS COAL IN SEPTEMBER 10
COALspot.com: Indonesia, the world largest coal exporter, shipped 21,661,817 MT of coal in September 2010, which is 5.32 percent lesser than Au ...
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- Power Finance Corporation Ltd., India
- Wood Mackenzie - Singapore
- Manunggal Multi Energi - Indonesia
- Jorong Barutama Greston.PT - Indonesia
- Kapuas Tunggal Persada - Indonesia
- Dalmia Cement Bharat India
- ASAPP Information Group - India
- Ministry of Finance - Indonesia
- Globalindo Alam Lestari - Indonesia
- Rio Tinto Coal - Australia
- Gujarat Sidhee Cement - India
- TeaM Sual Corporation - Philippines
- Tata Chemicals Ltd - India
- Energy Link Ltd, New Zealand
- Indika Energy - Indonesia
- Miang Besar Coal Terminal - Indonesia
- Sakthi Sugars Limited - India
- Vedanta Resources Plc - India
- Global Green Power PLC Corporation, Philippines
- Leighton Contractors Pty Ltd - Australia
- Merrill Lynch Commodities Europe
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Kideco Jaya Agung - Indonesia
- Borneo Indobara - Indonesia
- Edison Trading Spa - Italy
- Ceylon Electricity Board - Sri Lanka
- Jindal Steel & Power Ltd - India
- Anglo American - United Kingdom
- Cement Manufacturers Association - India
- Romanian Commodities Exchange
- Mercuria Energy - Indonesia
- Standard Chartered Bank - UAE
- Bharathi Cement Corporation - India
- Kepco SPC Power Corporation, Philippines
- Binh Thuan Hamico - Vietnam
- Salva Resources Pvt Ltd - India
- IEA Clean Coal Centre - UK
- Barasentosa Lestari - Indonesia
- Bayan Resources Tbk. - Indonesia
- Kaltim Prima Coal - Indonesia
- AsiaOL BioFuels Corp., Philippines
- Price Waterhouse Coopers - Russia
- Billiton Holdings Pty Ltd - Australia
- Indogreen Group - Indonesia
- Ind-Barath Power Infra Limited - India
- Xindia Steels Limited - India
- The Treasury - Australian Government
- Sinarmas Energy and Mining - Indonesia
- International Coal Ventures Pvt Ltd - India
- Kumho Petrochemical, South Korea
- Commonwealth Bank - Australia
- Formosa Plastics Group - Taiwan
- Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - India
- Straits Asia Resources Limited - Singapore
- Iligan Light & Power Inc, Philippines
- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
- Central Java Power - Indonesia
- Mintek Dendrill Indonesia
- PNOC Exploration Corporation - Philippines
- LBH Netherlands Bv - Netherlands
- Aditya Birla Group - India
- Asia Pacific Energy Resources Ventures Inc, Philippines
- Uttam Galva Steels Limited - India
- Planning Commission, India
- Timah Investasi Mineral - Indoneisa
- Medco Energi Mining Internasional
- Interocean Group of Companies - India
- Coastal Gujarat Power Limited - India
- Pipit Mutiara Jaya. PT, Indonesia
- Star Paper Mills Limited - India
- Attock Cement Pakistan Limited
- Directorate Of Revenue Intelligence - India
- Global Coal Blending Company Limited - Australia
- Energy Development Corp, Philippines
- Orica Australia Pty. Ltd.
- Siam City Cement - Thailand
- Bukit Makmur.PT - Indonesia
- Coalindo Energy - Indonesia
- Meenaskhi Energy Private Limited - India
- Krishnapatnam Port Company Ltd. - India
- New Zealand Coal & Carbon
- Larsen & Toubro Limited - India
- Port Waratah Coal Services - Australia
- Meralco Power Generation, Philippines
- Sojitz Corporation - Japan
- Indo Tambangraya Megah - Indonesia
- Petrochimia International Co. Ltd.- Taiwan
- Latin American Coal - Colombia
- Bahari Cakrawala Sebuku - Indonesia
- Gujarat Mineral Development Corp Ltd - India
- Australian Coal Association
- Holcim Trading Pte Ltd - Singapore
- Posco Energy - South Korea
- Kohat Cement Company Ltd. - Pakistan
- Ambuja Cements Ltd - India
- Semirara Mining and Power Corporation, Philippines
- Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- Ministry of Mines - Canada
- Kobexindo Tractors - Indoneisa
- Banpu Public Company Limited - Thailand
- VISA Power Limited - India
- Singapore Mercantile Exchange
- Orica Mining Services - Indonesia
- Essar Steel Hazira Ltd - India
- Intertek Mineral Services - Indonesia
- Altura Mining Limited, Indonesia
- Bhoruka Overseas - Indonesia
- Videocon Industries ltd - India
- Carbofer General Trading SA - India
- Asmin Koalindo Tuhup - Indonesia
- The State Trading Corporation of India Ltd
- Sree Jayajothi Cements Limited - India
- Heidelberg Cement - Germany
- TNB Fuel Sdn Bhd - Malaysia
- Independent Power Producers Association of India
- McConnell Dowell - Australia
- Marubeni Corporation - India
- Bhatia International Limited - India
- Karbindo Abesyapradhi - Indoneisa
- GMR Energy Limited - India
- Sical Logistics Limited - India
- Offshore Bulk Terminal Pte Ltd, Singapore
- London Commodity Brokers - England
- Thiess Contractors Indonesia
- GAC Shipping (India) Pvt Ltd
- SMG Consultants - Indonesia
- Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk - Indonesia
- Indonesian Coal Mining Association
- PetroVietnam Power Coal Import and Supply Company
- IHS Mccloskey Coal Group - USA
- OPG Power Generation Pvt Ltd - India
- South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation
- Dr Ramakrishna Prasad Power Pvt Ltd - India
- Trasteel International SA, Italy
- Kartika Selabumi Mining - Indonesia
- Aboitiz Power Corporation - Philippines
- PTC India Limited - India
- Economic Council, Georgia
- Ministry of Transport, Egypt
- Global Business Power Corporation, Philippines
- Therma Luzon, Inc, Philippines
- GVK Power & Infra Limited - India
- Cigading International Bulk Terminal - Indonesia
- SMC Global Power, Philippines
- European Bulk Services B.V. - Netherlands
- Grasim Industreis Ltd - India
- CIMB Investment Bank - Malaysia
- Sindya Power Generating Company Private Ltd
- Deloitte Consulting - India
- Mjunction Services Limited - India
- Bukit Baiduri Energy - Indonesia
- Georgia Ports Authority, United States
- Vijayanagar Sugar Pvt Ltd - India
- Truba Alam Manunggal Engineering.Tbk - Indonesia
- Thai Mozambique Logistica
- Baramulti Group, Indonesia
- Karaikal Port Pvt Ltd - India
- Bulk Trading Sa - Switzerland
- Chamber of Mines of South Africa
- Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd
- GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant, Philippines
- Savvy Resources Ltd - HongKong
- Mercator Lines Limited - India
- Madhucon Powers Ltd - India
- Eastern Energy - Thailand
- Maheswari Brothers Coal Limited - India
- Central Electricity Authority - India
- CNBM International Corporation - China
- Bangladesh Power Developement Board
- Vizag Seaport Private Limited - India
- PowerSource Philippines DevCo
- Tamil Nadu electricity Board
- San Jose City I Power Corp, Philippines
- The University of Queensland
- ICICI Bank Limited - India
- Agrawal Coal Company - India
- Renaissance Capital - South Africa
- Filglen & Citicon Mining (HK) Ltd - Hong Kong
- SN Aboitiz Power Inc, Philippines
- Toyota Tsusho Corporation, Japan
- Australian Commodity Traders Exchange
- Simpson Spence & Young - Indonesia
- Sarangani Energy Corporation, Philippines
- Kalimantan Lumbung Energi - Indonesia
- Samtan Co., Ltd - South Korea
- Lanco Infratech Ltd - India
- Makarim & Taira - Indonesia
- Chettinad Cement Corporation Ltd - India
- Indian Energy Exchange, India
- MS Steel International - UAE
- Oldendorff Carriers - Singapore
- Alfred C Toepfer International GmbH - Germany
- Africa Commodities Group - South Africa
- Riau Bara Harum - Indonesia
- Wilmar Investment Holdings
- Pendopo Energi Batubara - Indonesia
- Antam Resourcindo - Indonesia
- Electricity Authority, New Zealand
- Petron Corporation, Philippines
- Coal and Oil Company - UAE
- Minerals Council of Australia
- Bhushan Steel Limited - India
- Malabar Cements Ltd - India
- Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd, - India
- White Energy Company Limited
- Eastern Coal Council - USA
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Directorate General of MIneral and Coal - Indonesia
- Semirara Mining Corp, Philippines
- Goldman Sachs - Singapore
- Parry Sugars Refinery, India
- Dong Bac Coal Mineral Investment Coporation - Vietnam
- Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission - India
- India Bulls Power Limited - India
- Jaiprakash Power Ventures ltd
- Siam City Cement PLC, Thailand
- Metalloyd Limited - United Kingdom
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